C1
Payments companies reported to CMS as associated with C1. "Associated with" is CMS's wording: it links a payment to a product without saying the money was spent on it.
By year
Payments reported as associated with C1, per program year, as reported to CMS.
Who makes it
Specialties most often involved
Where the associated payments went, by the receiving clinician's specialty.
Clinicians most associated with C1
These are the largest totals companies reported as associated with C1. They are typically speaking or consulting arrangements, which companies must report by law; appearing here is not evidence of anything improper.
| Clinician | Location | Specialty | Associated payments (2023-2025) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michael Defrain | Pensacola, FL | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | $2,262.57 |
| Thuy Le | Ann Arbor, MI | Physician Assistant | $197.49 |
| Vasant Jayasankar | Pensacola, FL | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | $66.57 |
| Kevin Knapp | Greenville, SC | Surgical | $64.60 |
| James Orourke | Paducah, KY | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | $23.82 |
| Bryon Boulton | Raleigh, NC | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | $23.27 |
| Bernadette Skruck | Augusta, GA | Surgical | $15.47 |
| Timothy Hunter | Augusta, GA | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | $15.47 |
| Jessica Spirl | North Augusta, SC | Surgical | $15.47 |
| Matthew Thompson | Tallahassee, FL | Family | $15.16 |
Prescribed C1?
See what its makers reported for your doctor. Two steps, private, no account.
Source: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019-2025, as reported to CMS by drug and device makers (published June 30, 2026). Drug and device detail covers 2023-2025.